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The Kyoto Protocol (KP) is the
legal instrument adopted by the Conference of Parties (COP) of
the United
Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), that establishes
quantified commitments for countries included in Annex I of the Convention
(mainly developed
countries), with the purpose to reduce and limit the
emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG). The
commitments adopted by the
countries included in Annex I, represent a 5.2% aggregated
reduction of the
GHG emissions of 1990 for the period between 2008 and 2012. Moreover, to
support countries in Annex I to successfully comply with their commitments,
the KP establishes
flexible mechanism (CDM), which allows the implementation
of projects among countries in Annex
I and those not included in Annex I,
developing countries.
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